Eugenia Vasilache

Moldova

Antibiotic Resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii in a hospital from Chisinau, Republic of Moldova

Eugenia Vasilache1,2, Anastasia Caracas1, Svetlana Latus1, Nicolae Bacinschi1
1University of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Nicolae Testemitanu”
2 Municipal Clinical Hospital “Gheorghe Paladi”

Abstract

Background

Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanni are known pathogens of nosocomial infections, particularly after Covid 19. The antibacterial treatment of infections caused by these bacteria is difficult due to high resistance to antimicrobial drugs available in our country. The assessment of antimicrobial susceptibility of these pathogens presents the real situation and requires promising and reasoned measures for improvement.

Methods

It was performed a retrospective analysis of 5699 antibiotic susceptibility tests, of cultures isolated from patients hospitalized between January and September 2024 in a large hospital from Chisinau, Republic of Moldova. Positive cultures were identified with Klebsiella pneumonia 647 cases, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 180 cases , Acinetobacter baumanni 73 cases and the percentage of sensitivity to antimicrobial preparations, available in the Republic of Moldova, was calculated. The assessment of antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by diffusimetric method according to EUCAST 2024(European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing).

Results

Antimicrobial susceptibility results demonstrated that Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosae, Acinetobacter baumani showed high resistance in the specified order to Piperacillin/tazobactam 74%, 50%, 100%; Ceftazidim 57%, 55%, 77%; Cefepime 83%, 50%, 100%; Meropenem 35%, 63%, 72%; Imipenem/cilastatin 32%,45%, 66%; Ciprofloxacin 52%, 53%, 66%; Levofloxacin 80%, 53%, 56%; Moxifloxacin 86%, natural resistance , 100%; Amikacin 59%, 22%, 62%; Tobramycin 79%, 53%, 45%; Gentamycin 56%, it was not done, 54%; Sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim 46%, it was not done, 78%.

Conclusions

According to our data, a very high resistance was recorded to antibacterial preparations for Acinetobacter baumannii (ranging from 45% to 100%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ranging from 22% to 63%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ranging from 32% to 86%).
Treatment of infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae group is a major and difficult problem in the hospital due to extremely high resistance to available drugs (cephalosporins, combined beta-lactams, carbapenems, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones).