Xenia Bujor

Moldova

The influence of biotechnology on the preservation of hard dental tissues as a single morphofunctional complex.

Bujor Xenia1,Alexander Postolaki2
1 The Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy,Chisinau,Moldova
2.Department of Prosthetic Dentistry “Ilarion Postolaki”, The Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy,Chisinau,Moldova

Abstract

Background

Knowledge of the morphology of permanent teeth plays an important role in dentistry, being a mandatory condition for both direct and indirect restorative works in restoring functional occlusion. The use of biotechnology to combat dental caries and periodontal problems has shown significant clinical success (Verma, Sanjeev Kumar. et al., 2010).This fact excludes the development of various complications in the stomatognathic system. Objective of the study. To conduct an analysis of the specialized literature from the period 2001-2024 to identify the main aspects and issues encountered in clinical practice.

Methods

Materials and methods. The study utilized internet search sources such as «КиберЛенинка», «Pubmed», «Google Scholar», «IBN» and the resources of the «Nicolae Testemi?anu» USMF library, among others. The search was performed using keywords in Russian, English, and Romanian: «permanent teeth», «morphology», «functional occlusion», «biotechnology in dentistry», «direct and indirect restorations», «occlusal complications». A total of 60 sources were found, out of which 40 were selected, including 15 national sources from the period 2012-2024. The official websites of WHO and UN served as additional resources

Results

Results. According to WHO data (2022), 33.6% of the European population suffers from dental caries at the level of permanent teeth. WHO also reported that approximately 45% of the global population, or about 3.5 bill. people, suffer from dental caries, periodontal diseases and other.For this purpose, to combat all the complications of bacterial invasion, modern nanomaterials were used that stop the demineralization of enamel (Pandya M, Diekwisch TGH., 2019).Natural enzymes such as amylase have immunostimulating properties and are effective in treating oral ulcers and periodontitis (Chokkattu, Jerry Joe. et al., 2023).The anatomy and topography of teeth, as well as their anamolias, are closely related to the risk of periodontal disease. The restoration of tooth morphology, occlusal and proximal contacts through the use of fixed prostheses provides the most precise clinical results (Cho J.H. et al., 2024).

Conclusions

An analysis of the literature revealed an insufficient degree of description of the anatomo-morphological characterization of teeth and occlusal relationships during the treatment, focusing more on aesthetic norms rather than functional ones. Ethnic features of the structure of teeth must be taken into account in restorative dentistry and taken into account when using nanotechnologies with programmed parameters nanomaterials, nanorobots.(E.KH Abdrazakov. et al., 2016)