Mayinkatil Veetil Kadeeja

Moldova

3-D modelling in Bone graft substitutes

Mayinkaatil Veetil Kadeeja¹
¹Department of clinical anatomy, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Republic of Moldova.

Abstract

Background

The first documented bone transplant took place in 1686 by a Dutch surgeon, Job van Meekeren, when he used dog cranium to repair a soldier’s skull defect. Today, more than two million bone transplants are performed worldwide each year. The use of 3d printing in bone graft substitutes including implantation devices is gaining more and more importance day by day. It has significant impact on preparation of patient for surgery, probability of rejection and other complications.

Methods

Researched and Obtained from articles that could be found using the keywords “3d modelling” “bone graft substitutes” “devices for implantation” etc. in databases (PubMed, NCIB, pubmedcentral, frontiers,…etc.).

Results

bone defects can be caused from accidents, neoplasms, infection, malunion or
nonunion from fracture healing and if try leave them heal on their own it can lead to a lot
of defects like shortening or loss of full functioning. autografts were considered as the
best treatment, however the complication such as availability, difference of bone structure
in different parts …etc. indicate need for newer method like 3D printing. It can be used to
make personalized implants which fits to specific needs of individual patient size and
shape.3d printing can also make functional tissues and organs for transplants. it can also
create custom individual fit prosthetics that are light strong and comfortable than all other
prosthetics. they can also create replicas of patients anatomy and perform training before
they do the actual surgery. It is also used to make specific surgical instruments like
scissors, forceps …etc.

Conclusions

In orthopedics and traumatology 3d printing can be an innovative substitutes
to all other traditional methods. It can solve most of the problems such as tissue source,
rejection of organ, transmission of diseases, contamination, etc. this innovative method
can be used in reconversion of normal bone structure of both compact and spongy bones.
Even though there is scarcity in studies and experiments, also there is more improvement
to be made, it is certain that 3D printing is the future of transplant medicine