Uzun Tatiana

Moldova

Poster – Features of Rheumatoid Arthritis Depending on the Duration of the Disease

Uzun Tatiana , Deseatnicova Elena
1. Departament of Rheumatology, Nicolae Testemitianu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Chisinau , Moldova.
2. Timofei Mosneaga Republican Clinical Hospital, Chisinau , Moldova .

Abstract

Background

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by joint involvement and systemic manifestations. Over the last decade, significant attention has been paid to the early diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, as it is believed that there is a “window of opportunity” in the early stages of RA when the disease is more responsive to treatment. Many studies have shown that early diagnosis and treatment prevent radiographic progression of RA and provide a higher frequency of remission compared to delayed treatment.

Methods

Methods
To study the features of rheumatoid arthritis depending on the duration of the disease, various approaches and methodologies were used. Articles were processed and studied, sourced from PubMed:
Research methods included:
• Clinical Observation and Evaluation: Patients with varying durations of the disease (less than 2 years, 2 to 10 years, more than 10 years) were included in the study. Clinical manifestations were assessed, including the degree of inflammation, pain syndrome, morning stiffness, and functional impairments.
• Laboratory Studies: Levels of inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate), serological markers (rheumatoid factor, anti-CCP antibodies), and general blood test indicators were assessed to determine the degree of inflammation and anemia.
• Instrumental Diagnostics: X-rays, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the joints were performed to identify structural changes and the extent of joint damage.

Results

Results
1. Debut (6-12 weeks): Among the clinical variants of joint syndrome at the onset of RA, asymmetric mono -, oligoarthritis, and polyarthritis with symmetric involvement of the small joints of the hands and/or feet predominated.
2. Early Stage (less than 2 years): In the early stage of RA, pronounced inflammatory changes in the joints, such as morning stiffness, swelling, and pain, are observed. In the “early RA” group, the metacarpophalangeal and knee joints, proximal interphalangeal joints of the hands, and wrists were most frequently affected.
3. Middle Stage (2 to 10 years): As the disease progresses, structural damage to the joints increases, although clinical manifestations may be less pronounced.
4. Late Stage (more than 10 years): In the late stages of RA, significant structural changes and joint deformities become apparent. Patients may experience severe functional limitations and a decline in quality of life.

Conclusions

The duration of rheumatoid arthritis significantly affects its clinical manifestations and treatment strategies. In the early stages, the focus is on treatment aimed at preventing joint damage, while in the late stages, the primary focus is on maintaining quality of life and preventing complications. The goal is also to achieve clinical and laboratory remission according to the DAS28 and SDAI indices.
Understanding the features of rheumatoid arthritis depending on the duration of the disease allows for better adaptation of treatment approaches and improved patient outcomes. This requires a comprehensive approach and timely intervention at all stages of the disease.