Mufeed Majeed

India

TIRZEPATIDE — NEW TREATMENT OPTION FOR PATIENT WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES

Mufeed Majeed¹
¹Department of Pharmacology and clinical pharmacology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Republic of Moldova.

Abstract

Background

Type 2 diabetes is a long-term metabolic disease marked by persistently
high glucose levels. It arises from resistance to insulin’s peripheral actions. The
International Diabetes Federation (IDF), estimates that in 2015, 415 million adults in the
20-79 age range had diabetes mellitus. The FDA recently approved tirzepatide by Eli
Lilly and Company, a novel “twincretin,” to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. It has GLP 1
and GIP receptor agonist activity.

Methods

specified from articles that could be found using the keywords
“diabetes,” “tirzepatide,” “efficacy of tirzepatide,” etc. in databases (PubMed, NCIB, dove
presses, frontiers, jama…etc.)..

Results

The main outcome, the change in HbA1c from baseline to week 40, was
demonstrated to be more successfully achieved with tirzepatide in comparison to a
placebo. Between baseline and week 40, the mean HbA1c change was ?2.11% for 5-mg
tirzepatide, ?2.40% for 10-mg tirzepatide, and ?2.34% for 15-mg tirzepatide. Tirzepatide
was linked to weight loss as well. The average body weight reduction from the starting
point was ?5.4 kg for tirzepatide (5 mg), ?7.5 kg for tirzepatide (10 mg), and ?8.8 kg for
tirzepatide (15 mg). Furthermore, in the tirzepatide groups, higher proportions of
participants achieved the target HBA1c of less than or equal to 7%, 6.5%, and 5.7%. It is
notable that patients who took tirzepatide and lost 5.4 kg and 7.5 kg (in the 5-mg ,10-mg
tirzepatide groups) had little to no decrease in their insulin glargine dosages, initially
seems surprising. Insulin glargine decreased by ?6.7% (baseline HbA1c ?8%) and
?13.1% (baseline HbA1c >8%) at the higher dose of 15 mg.

Conclusions

In patients with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide’s simultaneous activation of
GLP-1 and GIP receptors showed significant therapeutic promise. At the 15 mg dosage,
tirzepatide showed a reduction in HbA1c levels of up to -2.34% from baseline values.
Tirzepatide additionally shows a notable improvement in lipid profiles ,cardiovascular
and renal risks, despite the limited data.