Elina Sauka

Conference 2022 Live Talk

Talk title

Dental stem cells obtained from third molars: perspectives for regenerative medicine

Authors and Affiliations

Elina Sauka1, Oksana Godovanets1

1. Department of pediatric dentistry, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine

Abstract

Background

Regenerative medicine is of great interest and is gaining popularity among the methods
of surgical and therapeutic treatment in dentistry, and not only. Thanks to research over the last decade, new sources of stem cells and new methods of their use have been invented. With the development of regenerative medicine, including regenerative dentistry, methods of treating diseases of various etiologies with the use of stem cells, namely odontogenic origin, are being improved.

Methods

Removed rudiments of third molars were used as materials. Methods: radiological – to assess the stage of formation of the tooth germ, histological – for morphological characteristics of the degree of maturity of the tooth germ tissue.

Results

Histological examination showed that the stem cells of the third pulp are localized in the central layer and in the inner zone of the intermediate layer of the pulp. Depending on the stage of tooth development, the predominance of certain blast forms of cells was observed, which indicates the possibility of their use during medical manipulations that require the restoration of connective tissue elements. The presence of fibers at different stages of maturation indicates their ability in combination with calcium-containing compounds to be used in the stages of bone grafting and implantation.

Conclusions

Stem cells of odontogenic origin have a number of advantages in use, among which the availability of material collection and autogenous origin of cells come to the fore, which reduces the risk of modulation of the immune response. These cells can be isolated from such structures of the dental and maxillofacial apparatus as the pulp of deciduous and permanent teeth, gingival papilla, dental follicle, periodontal ligament, gums, oral mucosa, flat bone marrow, periosteum. The availability of these sources greatly expands the possibilities of a more detailed study of the properties of stem cells of odontogenic origin to confirm the safety and effectiveness of their use, which is a necessary step of verification before the future introduction of these cells in practice of regenerative medicine.